Diabetic neuropathy is a nerve damage condition that can occur due to high blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. It primarily affects the nerves in the legs and feet but can also impact other areas of the body, such as the digestive system, urinary tract, blood vessels, and heart. Consistent blood sugar management and a healthy lifestyle can help prevent or slow down the progression of diabetic neuropathy.

Maintaining proper foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetic neuropathy as it can reduce the risk of injury, deformity, and amputation. Regular foot exams by a footcare specialist, daily self-inspection, and wearing protective footwear are key to keeping the feet healthy. Washing feet with warm, soapy water, avoiding prolonged soaking, and thoroughly drying, especially between the toes, are important practices.

Toenail care is essential as long or thick nails can cause sores and complications. Daily self-inspection should include checking between the toes, as these areas are often overlooked. Blisters, cuts, scratches, color changes, excessive dryness, and calluses or corns require attention to prevent infection or further damage.

Choosing appropriate footwear is vital for individuals with reduced sensation in their feet. Consultation with a footcare specialist is recommended to ensure proper shoe fit and prevent ulcers caused by ill-fitting shoes. Heating pads, harsh chemicals, sharp instruments, and going barefoot should be avoided.

It is important to seek medical attention if there is an infected or non-healing cut or sore, along with symptoms like pain, tingling, weakness, changes in bodily functions, or dizziness and fainting.

Screening for diabetic neuropathy should begin immediately after a type 2 diabetes diagnosis and five years after a type 1 diabetes diagnosis, with annual screenings thereafter.

Although there is no known cure for diabetic neuropathy, treatment aims to slow its progression, alleviate pain, and manage complications. Controlling blood sugar levels, blood pressure, maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and adopting a balanced diet with portion control are recommended to slow or prevent neuropathy progression and reduce overall risk.

To improve overall well-being and reduce the risk of diabetic neuropathy, individuals should strive to maintain proper blood sugar and blood pressure control, make healthy food choices, engage in regular exercise, and quit smoking.

It is important to consult with healthcare professionals for personalized guidance on exercise and how to quit smoking, especially if there are existing complications or injuries ^12,13